How cities are defending themselves against sea level rise

https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/10/29/new-york-city-flooding-st_n_2039031.html

How cities are defending themselves against sea level rise
By WAYNE PARRY
Oct. 27, 2017
​AP - Associated Press

HOBOKEN, N.J. (AP) — Superstorm Sandy and a series of lesser coastal storms since that 2012 disaster compelled some coastal communities to defend themselves by elevating homes and critical infrastructure, building sand dunes, widening beaches and erecting or raising sea walls.

But as sea levels continue to rise around the world, that’s not an option in large cities, where skyscrapers can’t be elevated and subway and train tunnels act as turbocharged flumes when millions of gallons of stormwater rush through them.

The answer, some cities have decided, is a mixture of hard and soft barriers; green infrastructure to capture rain and absorb storm water; temporary storage space for runoff; and drastically increased pumping measures.
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Here’s a look at some steps being taken by cities around the world to address the issue:

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